If you are an electrician, a beginner in the electrical field, or starting your career in electrical motor winding or technologies, it is very important to understand 3-phase motor winding. In this blog, we will discuss the many types of 3-phase motor winding, the step-by-step winding process, and some important points that you must follow.
What is 3-Phase Motor Winding? 3-फेज मोटर वाइंडिंग क्या है?
A 3-phase motor is an AC induction motor that operates on a 3-phase power supply. It consists of two primary windings:
- Stator winding (Fixed part where coils are wound using coils)
- Rotor winding (Rotating part that produces mechanical movement & rotates)
तीन-फेज मोटर आमतौर पर industrial application में इस्तेमाल की जाती है क्योंकि यह ज्यादा powerful और efficient होती है।
3-Phase Motor winding
Types of 3-Phase Motor Winding
3-फेज मोटर वाइंडिंग के प्रकार
There are two main types of 3-phase motor winding:
1️⃣ Lap Winding (one over another)
✔️ In this winding, coils are connected to each other with a parallel pathway.
✔️ It is used for high-current applications.
✔️ Commonly found in AC/DC machines and low-voltage applications.
2️⃣ Wave Winding (one after another)
✔️ The coils create two parallel pathways & connected in series.
✔️ It is suitable for high-voltage applications.
✔️ Mostly used in high-power motors where less parallel circuits are needed.
मोटर की वाइंडिंग का चयन उसकी पावर रेटिंग और एप्लिकेशन के आधार पर किया जाता है।
Step-by-Step Process of Three-Phase Motor Winding
1️⃣ Stator Preparation
✔️ First, clean the stator slots properly and remove the old insulation or coils.
✔️ If the old winding is damaged, the motor needs to be rewound again.
✔️ Check the stator core. It should be proper without any hotspot or damage.
Stator को साफ और Dry रखना बहुत ज़रूरी है ताकि वाइंडिंग सही तरीके से की जा सके।
2️⃣ Choosing the Right Winding Wire
✔️ Use copper or aluminium wire (Copper is more commonly used). As per the previous winding.
✔️ Select the wire gauge (SWG - Standard Wire Gauge) according to the motor.
✔️ The SWG gauge should be the same as before. Otherwise, the cross-sectional area may differ.
3️⃣ Making the Coils
✔️ With the help of a coil machine, make the coils for the motor.
✔️ Keep the number of turns same as previous coil winding, or as the rating of the motor.
वाइंडिंग करते समय यह ध्यान दें कि हर turns समान हो |
4️⃣ Connecting the Winding (Star / Delta)
✔️ Star Connection – Used for low voltage.
✔️ Delta Connection – Used for full voltage.
स्टार कनेक्शन का उपयोग तब किया जाता है जब स्टार्टिंग करंट को कम रखना होता है, जबकि डेल्टा कनेक्शन फुल लोड पर मोटर ऑपरेट करने के लिए इस्तेमाल किया जाता है।
5️⃣ Insulation & Varnish Coating
✔️ While doing the connection of motor use proper sleeves and insulation materials.
✔️ After completing the connectiong & taping of the winding. Varnish the coils properly
अच्छी Quality का वार्निश इस्तेमाल करें ताकि Winding ज्यादा समय तक चले और सुरक्षित रहे।
6️⃣ Final Testing and Motor Assembly
✔️ Check the resistance of the motor And all other parameters
✔️ Test insulation using a meggar.
✔️ Before assembling the motor check motor bearings, bearing seats of the cover, rotor sleeves and replace them if neccessory.
Testing के बिना मोटर को ऑपरेट ना करें, क्योंकि गलत Winding से शॉर्ट सर्किट का खतरा हो सकता है।
Important Tips for Motor Winding
✅ Always use high-quality copper wire for better workmanship and finishing.
✅ Check the motor for proper insulation and varnish coating.
✅ Fitting of the motor should be proper without and gap in the covers.
✅ Always use a multimeter to measure the Amperes, voltages, and resistance value.
✅ After varnishing the motor, give at least 3-4 hours to completely dry the varnish.
अगर आप पहली बार वाइंडिंग कर रहे हैं, तो सही गेज वायर और कनेक्शन को लेकर एक एक्सपर्ट से सलाह लें।